Groundwater is the primary source of freshwater for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use in many semi-arid and hard-rock terrains, yet its invisibility beneath the surface makes it difficult to assess and easy to over-exploit. This study presents an integrated spatial model that couples Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision-analysis technique, to delineate groundwater potential zones and to translate those zones into sustainable extraction limits. Nine thematic layers—geology, geomorphology, lineament density, drainage density, slope, land use/land cover, rainfall, soil texture, and depth to water table—were derived from satellite imagery, digital elevation models, and secondary hydrogeological records, standardised on a common grid, and combined through a weighted linear combination to produce a Groundwater Potential Index (GWPI). Pairwise comparison matrices were used to derive layer weights, and the consistency ratio (CR = 0.047) confirmed the reliability of expert judgements. The resulting potential map was reclassified into five zones—very low to very high—and cross-validated against observed well-yield and water-level data using a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, achieving an area under the curve of 0.83. A water-balance-based safe-yield module was then nested within each zone to convert qualitative potential into a quantitative, spatially distributed extraction ceiling, expressed in cubic metres per year per unit area. The framework is data-frugal, reproducible with open-access satellite products, and generalisable across hydrogeological settings, offering local and regional water authorities a decision-support tool for issuing extraction permits, siting new wells, and prioritising managed aquifer recharge. Limitations related to data resolution, weight subjectivity, and the static nature of the model are discussed, along with pathways for coupling the framework with dynamic numerical groundwater-flow models.