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VOL. 8, ISSUE 2 (2026)
Ecological and behavioural adaptations of migratory birds in Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary, Unnao, Uttar Pradesh
Authors
Saurabh Patel, Ayush Patel
Abstract
Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary, also known as Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird Sanctuary, is an important wetland located in the Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh. In 2019, it was designated as a Ramsar site under the Ramsar Convention, indicating its importance at the international level. the sanctuary covers approx 224.6 hectares, it plays an important role in supporting a large number of bird species, especially those migrating along the Central Asian Flyway.During the current study, more than 150 bird species were observed, and overall data indicate that the sanctuary supports more than 220 resident and migratory species. The presence of globally endangered birds such as Pallas's fish-eagle and the Egyptian vulture further highlights its ecological importance.The study also describes some of the adaptations observed in these birds (the Asian openbill has a distinct opening in its beak that helps it eat mollusks efficiently). Many migratory species travel long distances crossing the Himalayan region to reach this wetland. It was observed that birds prefer specific areas within the sanctuary depending on food availability, depth of water and shelter about 43% of the recorded species depended primarily on aquatic habitats. Insectivorous birds formed the largest food group. Seasonal variation in species composition,feeding habits and nesting patterns was clearly noted during the study period.However, the sanctuary is currently facing challenges such as excessive growth of water hyacinth, human disturbance and alteration of natural water flow. In conclusion, this study provides essential baseline information that can help in effective conservation and management of this ecologically important wetland.
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Pages:43-52
How to cite this article:
Saurabh Patel, Ayush Patel "Ecological and behavioural adaptations of migratory birds in Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary, Unnao, Uttar Pradesh". International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Vol 8, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 43-52
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