Biodiversity conservation has become a global priority due to increasing environmental degradation, species extinction, and ecosystem instability. Contemporary conservation strategies have largely relied on scientific approaches; however, Indigenous and Traditional Knowledge (ITK) provides ecologically sustainable and culturally rooted conservation practices developed through long-term human environment interaction. Indigenous communities have historically practiced sustainable resource management, contributing significantly to biodiversity conservation and ecological stability.

This study examines the integration of Indigenous and Traditional Knowledge into contemporary conservation strategies using secondary data analysis, including academic research articles, conservation reports, and environmental policy documents. The findings indicate that Indigenous conservation practices such as sacred grove protection, sustainable agriculture, and community-based forest management contribute significantly to biodiversity preservation, ecosystem resilience, and sustainable resource use.