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VOL. 6, ISSUE 4 (2024)
Impact of lead acid battery industry wastes on environment and their management in India: A review
Authors
S Barathkumar, K M Sellamuthu, K Sathyabama, P Malathi, R Kumaraperumal, P Devagi
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is used in many industries including the lead acid
battery industry (LAB), lead recycling, and Sensor development. Among these,
the lead-acid battery industry is the major industry in the world. For the
economic development of a country the demand for motorized vehicles that use
lead acid batteries as a source of energy is increased. The estimated total
global emission of Pb from lead battery industries was 4 million tonnes per
year (13% from use, 65% from waste management and recycling, and 22% from
production,) from 1970 to 2010. The amount of Pb released was 25% more
than the lead produced. In India, the lead reserve is about 2.2 million tonnes
which is 2.5% of the world lead. India has 500 battery recycling units with a
volume of 2.1 million tonnes per year. After recycling, the secondary lead of
about 1.25 tonnes per year was produced. “Itai-Itai” disease occurred in Japan
in the 1930s and “Minamata disease” in Japan in the 1950s was heavy metals
poisoning the food chains. Around 800 million children around the globe are
affected by Pb at more than 70 polluted sites. Among this, 275 million children
were affected in India which accounted for 30% of the total children population
in India. To prevent the emission pollution control equipment needs to be
installed in the LAB industry on Pb-contaminated sites in India. This review
focuses on the various effects of Pb on the environment and human health with
their management strategies.
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Pages:28-37
How to cite this article:
S Barathkumar, K M Sellamuthu, K Sathyabama, P Malathi, R Kumaraperumal, P Devagi "Impact of lead acid battery industry wastes on environment and their management in India: A review". International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Vol 6, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 28-37
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