The Taal Ratoi, a fresh water lake in Mau district of Uttar Paradesh situated on North-East (26°09’46.6”N-83°44’16.8”E) coast of India. Up to 1950s this water body was clean and major source of domestic and agricultural use. Now it has been the worst victim of anthropogenic pressure and got enormous ecological changes. In recent two three decades the ecological condition of the lake badly affected and getting enriched with plants nutrients and other pollutants of agricultural runoff and improper disposal of sewage. Due to this lake became more afflicted with macrophytes and the water quality has been deteriorated. Therefore to assess the impact of anthropogenic activities on the ecology this study was carried out from June to April 2019-2021. In the present study physico-chemical parameters and species diversity of macrophytes were analyzed from ten sampling stations of the four basins along the littoral and catchment area of lake. A significant ecological change has been observed due to huge anthropogenic pressure. The lake contains high concentration of Nitrate (5.83mg/L), Phosphate (3.26mg/L), Total Dissolve Carbon (12.50mg/L), Calcium (2.99mg/L), Magnesium (2.03mg/L), Sodium (2.56mg/L), Iron (1.10mg/L), Silicon (0.94mg/L), concentration of Hydrogen ion (8.97), Dissolve oxygen (14.12mg/L), Electric conductivity (212.23µs/cm), Total Dissolve Solids (95.40mg/L), and Salinity (221.95mg/L). In regards of species diversity total thirty three species belonging to twenty two families were recorded. It was found that, the lake became polluted and ecology has been changed due to ecologically unsound management practices. It was revealed that agricultural activities, sewage dredging, aqua culturing, unplanned deweeding, skimming of free floating macrophytes undertaken during past several years. The aquatic plants in the lake have reached at nuisance level and unknown invasive species such as Azolla pinnata, Medicago polymorpha, and Pistia stratiotes has got widely distributed. The catchment area total covered with a bed of Hydrilla verticillata and Potamogeton crispus [10]. This study was included all environmental aspects and socioeconomic which necessary for framing an ecologically well balanced conservation strategies for this lake.