The current global municipal solid waste generation levels are approx. 13 billion and expected to further rise from 9.3 – 10 billion by 2050. The adverse effect may not only affect the human health but it also includes flora, fauna, soil quality, ground water, air of that region. Therefore there is an urgent need to reduce and eliminate solid waste management systematically. The application of nanotechnology in waste management is a effective way to minimize the wastes. Nanomaterials show increased reactivity for adsorption, oxidation, reduction, catalyses, several contaminants such as heavy metals, organic and inorganic substances. Zero-valent iron (nZVI) is most extensively used nanomaterial in reductive degradation of organic contaminants (Chlorinated Hydro Carbons). Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is another metal based nanomaterial used as adsorbant for heavy metals. The Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) arecarbon based nanomaterial act as adsorbant for polar, non-polar organic compound soils. Thus it is anticipated that the application of nanotechnology in waste management going to reduce cost and energy demand and increase process efficiency in environment protection industry.