Colourant plants play an essential role in life and bring many health benefits to users, product aesthetics, and are environmentally friendly. This article aims to systematize the species of colouring plants in Vietnam according to the current taxonomy for in-depth studies on the chemical composition, extraction, and separation of natural compounds to provide raw materials for food, textile, and handicraft industries. Reviewed scientific names from more than 60 documents combined with orientation interviews. A list of species of colourant plants in Vietnam has been provided according to the APG4 classification system. A total of 305 taxa of vascular plants belonging to 226 genera and 90 families were recorded. Seventy-two threatened species were listed in the Vietnam Red Data Book (2007) and the IUCN Red List (2021). Colourant plants primarily were found in naturalized. Six life forms were found: woody, shrubs, herbaceous, vines, and bamboo, the lowest being ferns. Thirteen parts were used for dyeing; leaves were the most, followed by peels and fruits, most species for dyeing were used from 1 part, followed by two parts, four parts only one species. Eleven colours were listed from colourant plants. Most species give monochromatic colours. Seven functional groups were found, fabric/fiber dyeing has the most species, followed by food, fishing nets, teeth dyeing, hair dyeing, tanning, and others (painting, wood, letter, tissue, ink). This study is a premise for future studies on chemical composition, organic compounds, extraction, and separation of natural compounds to provide dyeing materials for the food, textile, and garment industries.