Coastal ecosystems are areas of rich biological diversity as they support various forms of fauna and flora. India’s coastal and marine environment is vast with about 8000 km long coast line and surrounding coastal waters which encompasses a variety of ecosystems and diversity of species. The marine and coastal biodiversity is not systematically studied and documented. The Point Calimere sanctuary, located adjacent to and east of Kodikkarai and Kodikkadu villages, is basically an island surrounded by the Bay of Bengal to the east, the Palk Straight to the south and swampy backwaters and salt pans to the west and north. The entire vegetation has remained with very little enumerative studies and hence the present study was on the vegetation of the Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India. The result of the present study revealed that species diversity in Point Calimere forest was significantly influenced by forest stand type.