Water is the most significant resource of nature for the life of living organisms. Water pollution triggered by industries, urban sewage and agriculture have become a vital stress on aquatic life. Water pollution have enough impacts on biodiversity that the composition of species changes from natural to tolerant. Waste products from industries hazardous chemicals from factories, dumping of medical and other dangerous materials leads to enter directly in water bodies. Through water pollution many harmful chemicals like heavy metals enter into water and adsorb by aquatic animals, which is ultimately becoming the part of food web and even the death of aquatic life. This review paper tries to describe the term water pollution, causes and different sources of water pollution and the main effects of water pollution on aquatic life.